Popular types and varieties of scrub roses, features of their cultivation

Breeders from all over the world are constantly searching for new species, varieties and groups of roses that can not only captivate the eye with their beauty, but are also resistant to severe cold and frost in central Russia. The perfect combination in this area was scrub roses. Despite the fact that they need to be covered for the winter, they tolerate cold well and are resistant to frost.

In the article we will look at: scrub roses - what they are, what types they have, how to grow them and how to care for this unique type of rose.

What is rose scrub

In English, this group of roses is pronounced "shrub", which means "shrub". All roses that are included in this group are shrubs. They have the following properties:

• A wide variety of flowers , ranging from ordinary tea hybrids to the floribunda group. As for the color of the “garden queens,” it also has a wide variety.
• Lush abundant flowering. Absolutely all varieties of this group begin flowering in early summer and end in autumn. Most varieties bloom repeatedly, but there are varieties that bloom once (for example, Fritz Nobis).
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• Aroma. Almost all varieties have an expressive, pleasant aroma.
• Size. Roses in this category are distinguished by the height and strength of their branches and stems (some varieties can grow up to two meters in length).
• Resistance to frost and harmful insects. Scrubs easily tolerate cold and frost, needing only a little protection during cold weather, which cannot be said about many other groups of roses.
• Unpretentiousness. If you look at the description of caring for many varieties of scrub roses, you can come to the conclusion that even novice gardeners can cope with growing and caring for them.
• Possibility of combination with other groups of roses. Scrubs are suitable not only for single planting, but also for planting in groups consisting of three to five bushes.

Although scrub roses are an ideal solution for gardeners living in the colder climate of Russia and for just beginning gardeners, they still have a drawback - the need to cover the bush for the winter and regular pruning. So, rose scrub - what it is, you can see in the photo.

"Rebirth" of the group

In the fall of 1984, the team, together with Michel Hoogenboesem, recorded three new compositions in the Spitsbergen studio. The new album also includes a demo version of When the Snow Falls. Inspired by their success, the musicians began planning the release of their debut album, Streets.

CBS Records learned that there was already a band with the same name in North America. Therefore, the Dutch had to come up with a new name in a short time. In October 1984, the group Ten Sharp appeared.

In January 1985, the group wrote the single When the Snow Falls, released under a new name. The track aroused significant interest in the band from radio and television. This allowed him to take 15th position in the Tip-parade.

The second single, Japanese Love Song, confidently took 30th position on the music charts. This gave impetus to increasing the popularity of the team. After the release of Japanese Love Song, the schedule of live performances in clubs in Holland increased many times over.

The composition Last Words could not repeat the success of previous singles. However, the young people did not despair and were able to record and release the first video for the musical composition.

The band spent 1985 traveling around the Netherlands, performing live in many cities across the country. And already in February 1987, the musicians recorded the fourth single, Way of the West.

It was different from previous compositions - the usual arrangement was replaced by a heavy guitar. The bosses from CBS Records did not like this, they broke the contract with the Ten Sharp group. In the fall of 1987, the musicians gave their last concert in Hazerswoude with the usual lineup of five people.

Types and varieties

Scrub roses have received recognition from many amateur gardeners for their ease of care, frost resistance and at the same time excellent decorative qualities. For this reason, breeders are developing new, even more advanced species. Breeder David Austin received the following varieties:

• Desdemona;
• Ancent Mariner;
• Poets Life;
• Tranquility.

We will tell you more about each David Austin variety, as well as other breeding species below.

"Desdemona"

It is distinguished by peach-colored buds, which, when the flower blooms, acquire a white color with light pinkish tints. The flower is fragrant with the aroma of myrrh and has the ability to retain its bud shape even after heavy rain or strong wind.

The Ancient Mariner

This rose variety has double flowers of fairly large size, bright pink color, which equally cover the entire bush. A distinctive feature of the rose is its golden-colored stamens, as well as continuous flowering until the onset of cold weather.

"The Poets Wife"

The bush of this variety has a spherical shape and bright yellow flowers that are not prone to fading. At the very beginning of flowering, a persistent lemon aroma emanates from the bud, but towards the end of flowering the aroma acquires sweetish shades.

Tranquility

The bush of this rose variety has a rounded shape and is decorated with snow-white flowers that exude an apple aroma. It has high decorative qualities, which makes the variety popular for landscaping squares and park areas.

Above were the latest varieties bred by breeder David Austin. Next, we will describe the plant varieties that are most often found among experienced gardeners.

"Bonanza"

It is a long-flowering shrub, the flower petals of which have different shades: the inner part of the bud has a bright orange tint, and the outer part is pink. When the bud fully opens, in its core you can see the stamens, which have a golden color. A distinctive feature of “Bonanza” is its self-cleaning, which is manifested in the fact that the plant independently controls the number of buds and leaf cover, which makes it not require pruning.

"Belvedere"

It bears large flowers of a delicate peach color. This variety looks great in one composition with several rose bushes, i.e. in a group planting. The plant exudes a slightly tart aroma that can persist throughout the flowering period. If the shrub is provided with the necessary favorable conditions, the plant can grow up to 1.2 m in height. The rose is characterized by continuous flowering, however, the greatest amount of formation and blooming of buds occurs in the first wave, followed by a number of weaker cycles. As a disadvantage of the variety, one can highlight its strong susceptibility to various diseases, such as powdery mildew.

"Anny Duperey"

This shrub, reaching a height of one meter, has bright lemon-colored flowers that exude a light citrus aroma. It has the ability to withstand severe frosts (temperatures up to -23 degrees), as well as resistance to some diseases (black spot and powdery mildew) . Among the disadvantages of this variety is poor resistance to rain, during which the buds cannot open completely or do not open at all.

"Schneewitchen"

It is one of the earliest varieties of scrubs bred (obtained in 1985). The bush can grow up to one and a half meters in height and has good branching. The plant has small light green buds that turn into white semi-double flowers, reaching 6-7 cm in diameter. Flowering is abundant and occurs continuously throughout the growing season. A distinctive feature of the variety is its fairly strong resistance to pests and diseases - this makes the plant even more popular among beginners in gardening and floriculture.

Abraham Darby

This is a strong shrub with a rounded shape, reaching a height of one and a half meters. The buds of the plant, which have a classic shape, turn into densely double flowers of a soft pink or apricot hue. The flower has smooth shiny leaves. The rose blooms quite early and is capable of continuing continuous flowering until cold weather. It is resistant to diseases and easy to care for. The only drawback is the drooping of the flowers, due to their large size (diameter approximately 14 cm) and heavy weight. The variety is able to withstand frosty temperatures down to -29 degrees, but is poorly resistant to heavy rains, during which the buds do not open.

"Countess Diana"

The rose takes its name in honor of Countess Diana Bernadotte, the famous milliner and trendsetter of modern hat fashion. The flowers of this variety are fragrant with a mixture of floral and fruity aromas, with a hint of citrus scent. The flowers are densely double, have a purple-violet color, the buds are large - about 10 cm in diameter. It has long and abundant flowering. The height of Diana's rose reaches one meter. It is characterized by high resistance to frost and diseases.

"Rococo"

It is a shrub that can grow up to 1.5 meters in length. It is decorated with large (about 10 cm in diameter) flowers with an apricot tint. The flowers are collected in small clusters, have unusual double wavy petals, and are able to withstand exposure to strong winds or rain. During the entire flowering period, the buds are subject to fading, so at the final stage of flowering they take on a pearl-cream hue. The rose has a fairly high resistance to diseases such as black spot and powdery mildew.

"Artemis"

This variety of rose has the ability to withstand frosts down to -23 degrees and is quite demanding in terms of care. The inflorescences look like umbrellas, consist of 5-10 creamy-white flowers, 5-8 cm in size. They are distinguished by almost continuous flowering and a rich anise aroma. The shrub needs good lighting, regular fertilizing and a drainage system. The variety looks great both when planted alone and in composition with other flowers.

"Blanc Meillandecor"

This is a low-growing variety and belongs to the ground cover group. The height of the bush varies from 30 to 50 cm, but the diameter of the flower is 10-15 cm. Each bud has about 70-80 snow-white petals. The flowering period begins in the first half of June and continues until the end of October. A distinctive property of this variety is its ability to withstand frosts down to -40 degrees. The rose is also highly resistant to fungal diseases.

"Sapphire"

This variety reaches a height of 100-130 cm. The flowers of the Sapphire rose are double, 6-8 cm in diameter, and have a light lilac-blue color. The petals are slightly transparent. The buds exude a pleasant, soft aroma. Repeated flowering. The plant may be susceptible to a disease such as powdery mildew, however, in the event of prolonged drought.

History of origin

An amazing variety appeared more than 20 years ago, in 1997. It was bred by the famous British breeder David Austin, using the Heritage variety as a basis. Our heroine was named after the poem cycle of the same name and the poem "A Shropshire Lad", written at the end of the 19th century by the English poet Alfred Edward Houseman. The flower is the winner of the Modern Shrub Rose award, which was awarded to it as part of the Fair Friends of the Rose Show. The registered name of the variety is AUSled.

Features of planting in the ground

It is better to buy grafted seedlings in the autumn. After purchasing, the roots must be wrapped in moss or peat and wrapped in cellophane, storing the seedlings in a cool place until spring. Alternatively, they can be buried in a box of soil. To grow shrubs, you must follow some rules.

1. Correct landing place. Such a site is a well-lit area, not blown by winds. The southern part of the garden area is ideal. It should be planted on loamy soil with neutral characteristics. Organic fertilizers must be added to the soil. Groundwater should lie at an average depth.
2. Soil preparation. The soil must be thoroughly cleaned of debris, weeds, and stones. A couple of weeks before planting seedlings, you need to dig up the soil. And the day before planting, you should dig holes. Add one kilogram of rotted mullein and rotted compost to each hole.
3. Disembarkation time. This factor is influenced by the different climatic conditions in which the rose is going to be planted. For example, in the southern zones, scrubs are planted in the first half of autumn. Thus, they will have time to take root before the onset of cold weather. In temperate climate zones, roses are usually planted in the spring.
4. Landing algorithm. The seedling must be placed in a vase with water so that its root and stem are immersed 5 cm in water. Leave the seedling in the vase for 10-20 hours.
5. Fertilizers must be applied to the intended planting site.
6. Then dig a hole 60 cm deep.
7. After a while, soil should be poured into the planting hole in a heap, and then warm water, at a temperature of approximately 16-21 degrees, should be poured into it, along with a humate solution. Then seedlings are planted there, straightening their root system.
8. You should manually fill the young plant and shake the bush at short intervals. The soil should be compacted.
9. Finally, the bush is darkened with spruce branches for a week.

Note! If you plant scrub roses in groups, do not forget to maintain a distance of 0.5-2 meters between them. It all depends on the volume of the bush.

How to plant

Before planting, the plant should be placed in a container of water for 20 hours. This is done so that the water level is low and the stem is only five centimeters in the water. The soil should be fertilized before planting roses. After this, you can dig a hole in the area with a depth of up to 60 centimeters.

You need to pour some soil into this hole, pour warm water and humate solution over the soil. After this, the seedling is lowered into the hole and its roots are straightened. Then the plant is sprinkled with soil and the soil is lightly compacted. A maximum of six centimeters is added to the grafting site.

The shrub planting site should be hilled up and covered with spruce paws for seven days. If you decide to plant a plant in a group, then the interval between them should be at least 50 centimeters. The gardener must familiarize himself with information about the selected variety in advance and understand its volume. It is best to cover the lower part of tall bushes by planting dwarf shrubs nearby.

Watering mode

Shrubs have a lot of leaves and flowers that need to be nourished. The plant absorbs nutrients and moisture from the soil, so it is important for the roots to develop. In order for nutrients to be better absorbed, the plant needs rare but abundant watering. Usually one bush requires up to two or three buckets of water. It is enough to water the bush once every seven days, but less often. The watering schedule depends on weather conditions. In hot weather, roses are watered more often. You should not refuse to water the plant during rains, because rainwater entering the soil does not completely wet the roots.

The shrub should not be watered or watered frequently, since the roots develop quickly at the surface, and others will not have enough moisture. The main roots of the rose will begin to die, and the bush will simply dry out from a lack of nutrients.

Watering is carried out in the evening or morning. The leaves and soil should dry out before nightfall to prevent a fungal infection from developing. When watering the leaves and bush during the day, the plant may get burned.

Rainwater is suitable for irrigation, which is best heated in the sun. Tap water should not be used. If there is no other way out, then it is recommended to settle such water.

At the end of summer, the amount of watering is reduced as the shrub prepares for winter. It does not need to develop, and growing shoots and blooming flowers will further weaken the rose. During autumn rains, watering is stopped completely. The plant receives enough rainfall during this period.

Plant nutrition

This group of plants, like ordinary roses, should be fertilized with fertilizers containing phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen.

In the spring, rose scrubs should be fertilized with nitrogen compounds, which improve the growth of green mass and shoots. After the buds have formed, you need to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. At this time, it is better to feed the bushes with fertilizer containing phosphorus and potassium. This will improve flowering if the root system of the shrub is quite developed.

At the end of summer, fertilizing with nitrogen should be abandoned. Fertilizer is produced only with compounds containing phosphorus and potassium.

You can replace the compounds with organic compounds and minerals. It is difficult for inexperienced gardeners to choose their concentration. Trying to enrich the soil with a plant just by eye, you can accidentally salt the substrate, destroy the beneficial microflora in the soil, and the absorption of nutrients worsens. To prevent this from happening, you should alternate such feedings.

Trimming process

Pruning gives the bush a decorative appearance and makes it healthier. In the spring, it is recommended to carry out sanitary pruning of diseased, dry, infected branches.

The pruning depends on what the gardener plans to do next with the plant (wrapping around the support, composition, forming a bush).

In the fall, after flowering stops and the leaves on the bush begin to fall, pruning must be done. From spring to autumn, the plant accumulates nutrients to make it easier to endure the harsh winter. Pruning is done as preparation for covering roses for the winter. It is best to perform this procedure after frost, for example, at minus five degrees.

To form a bush, pruning is done in the spring. The gardener should cut off damaged shoots and leave only three to five main branches. Shoots should not be cut to more than one third of the stem length. If you cut more, the bush will bloom poorly, because not all the buds wake up in the summer. The upper buds contribute to the development of new side shoots, so the bush blooms more abundantly.

This category of roses includes many varieties of the plant, so it is impossible to definitively recommend a universal type of pruning. For spreading bushes, you should leave the natural shape of the bush and simply trim the branches to 1/3 of the total length. In bushes with arched stems, it is not recommended to cut branches by more than 1/5. For upright plants, cutting the stems into ½ shoots is best.

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About the author: Victoria Semyonovna Nakhodkina

Leading researcher at the laboratory of vegetable and berry crops, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Rose care

Despite the fact that scrubs are considered a fairly unpretentious plant, the shrub must be pruned, watered, fertilized, covered for the winter, etc. in a timely manner.

1. Watering. This group of roses prefers to grow in moist soil, but it does not tolerate stagnant water. Watering should be done once every 7 days. It is important that moisture does not fall on the foliage, otherwise they may be affected by fungal diseases. If watered incorrectly, the rose sprouts will be low and there will be a small number of flowers. After watering is completed, the soil must be loosened and the bushes hilled.
2. Fertilizer. To prevent excessive evaporation of moisture, the soil can be mulched with compost or peat. In the spring, when the first shoots appear, nitrogen is added. In summer, potassium and phosphorus are added for active flowering and growth.
3. Trimming. It is obligatory in spring: it is worth cutting off already dry branches, as well as some of the shoots for more intensive growth. It is necessary to cut the stems with pruning shears at an angle of 45 degrees. If a diseased shoot is discovered, it should be removed down to the healthy part. In the summer, you need to remove faded buds or part of them. This is done so that the next flowers will be larger.

Ashram - hybrid tea rose with spectacular petal color from Tantau

Ashram is a hybrid tea variety, the shade of the buds is difficult to describe; each rose is painted in a different shade and has its own tint. The rose is bright, but not flashy, calm, warm colors. Ashram is a spectacular rose with high quality characteristics.

Description of the Ashram variety

Roses of the Ashram variety are able to withstand rain and frost without serious damage. Only some flowers do not open due to rain, but if the rainfall is prolonged, the quality of flowering is significantly reduced due to high humidity.

The culture's resistance to diseases is above average; the plant rarely gets sick. The variety is re-blooming, blooming several times per season intermittently. The growing season begins in June and ends in September.

Appearance and features

Rose Ashram has quite intricate colors. Large buds with dense, wide petals are painted in different shades. Some representatives of this variety have a delicate peach color, others have a brighter orange-copper color.

At the same time, in the buds you can see impurities of pale brick, brown, mustard, sand, and cream colors. Towards the end of flowering, roses take on light pink tones. Such an unusual color makes the Ashram variety attractive; many gardeners want to see this play of colors with their own eyes.

The shape of the buds is classic, there are about 35 petals in a bud, all of them tightly pressed to each other. The closer to the center, the more tightly the petals are curled. The edges of the petals are slightly wavy, along the periphery they are turned outward. The buds are large, when fully bloomed they become the size of a clenched fist. Petals with a thin velvety coating.

Ashram bush is medium in size. Elastic, flexible shoots are covered with oval emerald-colored foliage. The leaves are glossy, smooth, even in shape. The shrub is slender, not spreading, shoots are directed upwards. There is one bud on the stems, which holds steady and does not fall. The aroma of the rose is weak, barely noticeable, which is considered one of the disadvantages of the Ashram variety.

Bright detail

Rose Ashram is painted in absolutely unique shades. Not a single bud is identical to its neighbor. Roses have spicy tones, similar to aromatic oriental spices - curry, coriander, light cinnamon.

History of the Ashram variety

The Ashram rose variety was achieved through the work of experienced breeders of the Tantau company from Germany. Culture appeared in 1998. The rose has a beautiful, effervescent name reminiscent of the East.

Translated from Sanskrit, “Ashraya” means “protection”. In Ancient India, there was an abode of hermits who, in search of truth and wisdom, retired to the mountains or forest. This monastery was called “Ashram”.

Perhaps the unusual name for the rose was chosen to emphasize its natural strength and delicate appearance. Production name of the variety: TANmarsa and TAN01106. The rose is also called King David, Bora-Bora.

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Growing and care

The Ashram variety rose is not demanding, it does not need specific care procedures; for successful rooting, it only needs a good planting site, favorable conditions and standard processing.

It is recommended to plant Ashram rose seedlings from April to May. Autumn planting should begin in mid-September and end in mid-October, otherwise the plant will not have time to take root.

The optimal planting location for the variety is a sunny area on a hill. Excess moisture will accumulate in the hollows, which is detrimental to the bush. Placement in partial shade is acceptable, but the sunny side with shade at midday is more optimal.

Planting is carried out in a previously prepared hole. The depth of the hole should be 40-50 cm, a drainage layer of expanded clay is formed at the bottom, followed by a soil mixture. With the help of a soil mixture, the quality of the soil is improved.

If the soil is excessively loose, clay is added to it; if, on the contrary, it is dense, sand is added. Black soil is added to the loamy soil. Manure, peat and compost are used as fertilizers.

Manure must be rotted; fresh product burns the roots. The seedling is deepened into the hole so that the root collar is immersed 3-4 cm underground. After the plant is covered with soil, the area is compacted. If the soil has settled significantly after planting, you need to add soil.

Caring for an Ashram rose includes standard procedures - watering, loosening, pruning, fertilizing, mulching and covering for the winter. You need to water the bush once a week, more often during drought.

Loosening is necessary to slow down the growth of the collected grass and saturate the soil with oxygen. It is necessary to loosen the soil one day after watering. If the soil itself is loose and light, 2 loosenings per month are sufficient.

Mulching is necessary to retain moisture and nutrients in the soil; it can be done in the spring or autumn before wintering. The plant needs to be fertilized with nitrogen and mineral complexes, alternating the type of fertilizing.

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Pruning occurs in the spring; frozen and weak shoots are removed from the shrub, leaving several strong shoots with buds. In autumn, it is enough to shorten the rose slightly. It is recommended to periodically add humus and other organic fertilizers to the soil.

For the winter, the plant should be covered with spruce branches. With the onset of spring, the bush is ventilated, opening the shelter for a while. The Ashram variety rarely gets sick, but do not forget about treatment procedures for diseases and parasites. Timely prevention will keep the rose healthy.

Options for using roses

The Ashram rose variety is quite unusual and bright. The culture can be placed in group flower beds, surrounded by low flowering and herbaceous plants. If the Ashram rose is to be planted in a flowerbed where tall plants grow, it is better to place it in the foreground so that the buds are not hidden from view.

A slender, profusely flowering shrub can be planted in single rose gardens. The variety is suitable for borders, mixborders, borders. They can create zoning of the site. The culture is combined with plants in red, burgundy, pink, yellow, and bright green shades. A variety with large buds and thin, dense stems, suitable for cutting.

Useful tips

• Roses of the Ashram variety are unpretentious, but improving the condition of the roots before planting will not be superfluous. It is recommended to treat the root system of the seedling - remove weak and rotten roots. After treatment, the roots need to be dipped in a solution of clay with water or in the growth stimulator Heteroauxin. You can use the disinfectant drug Fundazol;
• Mulching is a procedure for improving soil quality. The top layer of soil surrounding the rose is mixed with dry sawdust, manure, and pine needles. This procedure retains moisture in the soil, slowing down its rapid drying out and retains nutrients in it, which is especially useful in winter;
• Removing weeds is an important part of plant care. Thickets should not be allowed to appear on the site. The grass carries insects, fungal parasites and diseases, and it also robs the rose of nutrients.

Pros and cons of the Ashram variety

Flaws:

• Because of the rain, not all flowers open;
• High humidity has a negative effect on the condition of the plant;
• Almost no aroma.

Use in landscape design

Scrub roses are planted in the center of the flower bed, against the background of the lawn or in another prominent place. They look spectacular along borders or in a group of five long-flowering bushes. Flowering scrubs are also used to form balls called fountain roses. Separately planted, rather large bushes can be planted on the sides with low-growing and less spreading varieties.

Ground cover scrubs are often planted next to rocks or on rocky slopes. They are used for planting in a wide variety of places: directly in the garden, on balconies, verandas. Often they are formed into trunks in the form of cascades that hang from the trunk or create “pink carpets”. Thus, scrubs will help to green the garden plot both vertically and horizontally.

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Fertilizer

Scrubs, like all groups of roses, need fertilizer. For this purpose, complex fertilizers are used, including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.

It is important to observe the following principles:

1. In early spring, nitrogen components should predominate in the complex fertilizer. They are responsible for the growth of shoots and leaves.
2. During the period of bud appearance, the proportion of nitrogen components in fertilizing greatly decreases. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are given in equal proportions. The plant needs more buds, and for this it needs strong roots.
3. In the second half of summer, nitrogen fertilizers are completely abandoned. Only phosphorus-potassium supplements are left. At this time, it is no longer necessary to stimulate the development of additional shoots and flowers.